How long can bacteria survive in plant residue according to the information provided?

• A. 1-3 months
• B. 3-6 months
• C. 6-18 months
• D. 18-24 months

Answer: (C)

Bacteria can survive in plant residue for a significant duration, with research indicating that this period falls within the range of 6 to 18 months. This timeframe is crucial for understanding how bacterial pathogens can persist in agricultural environments and potentially affect future crops. The extended survival of bacteria in residues highlights the importance of proper crop rotation, management practices, and residue disposal to minimize the risks of disease transmission to subsequent plantings. Knowledge of bacterial survival duration aids farmers in implementing effective strategies to ensure soil health and crop productivity.